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 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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\n\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064f\u062a\u062d \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u06cc \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u06a9\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627.
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u06a9 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u06cc\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u06a9\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0637\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u06cc \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u06cc \u0639\u0627\u0645 1970\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u06cc \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 (\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649 \u0634\u0641\u0627 \u06cc\u062d\u06cc\u0649) \u0641\u06cc \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u06cc \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u062e\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u06cc \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u06a9\u0628\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u06cc\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u06cc\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0641.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0636\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc 50000 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u06cc \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u06cc\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u06cc \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u06cc:<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 (\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u06a9\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u06a9\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u06a9)
\n\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u06cc (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u06cc \u0630\u0644\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u06cc\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc)
\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc
\n\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645
\n\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0647 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u06cc \u0630\u0644\u06a9 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc (ACL) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u06cc (PCL)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u06a9)
\n\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645\u06cc
\n\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647
\n\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645
\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u06a9\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0630
\n\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u063a\u06cc
\n\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
\n

\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u06a9\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u06a9\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u06cc \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0646. \u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u06cc \u062a\u0637\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0647 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u06cc \u06cc\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0636.
\n\u06cc\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u06cc\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u06cc \u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u0624\u062f\u06cc \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u06cc \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u06cc \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u06cc \u0630\u0644\u06a9 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645.
\n\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628. \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062d \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u06cc\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 (IPD) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u06cc\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0644\u0647\u0645.
\n\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u06a9 170 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u06cc \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u06cc\u0647. \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u06cc \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u06a9\u0628\u06cc\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0647\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u06cc \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc\u0646 \u0623\u06cc\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u06cc \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0641\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u06a9\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u06a9\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u06cc \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u06a9\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u06cc \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u06a9\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647\u060c \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0626\u06a9 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u06cc\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u062a\u06a9\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u06cc \u0625\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u06a9\u0628\u0647: 1600-5000 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631
\n\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u06a9: 1600-3200 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631
\n\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc: 1500-2000 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631
\n\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u062a\u0636\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0647: 1600-3000 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631
\n\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc: 1000-3000 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631
\n\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u063a\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0641\u06a9\u06cc: 1500-2000 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631
\n\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645: 1200-1500 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631
\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645: 300-600 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631
\n\u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u063a\u06cc: 600-1000 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631
\n\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645: 1600-2500 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”middle” disable_element=”yes”][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

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COMMON ORTHOPEDIC PROCEDURES<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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[\/vc_column_text][vc_masonry_grid post_type=”post” max_items=”50″ element_width=”3″ order=”ASC” item=”none” grid_id=”vc_gid:1747462882739-46fab8a1-ffab-3″ taxonomies=”298″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row disable_element=”yes” css=”.vc_custom_1747462934339{background-color: #ffffff !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/4″][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_tta_accordion][vc_tta_section title=”How to arrange an orthopedic surgery in Iran with SinoheMedTour?” tab_id=”1695027113193-3d669061-efbf”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

You need to contact us and explain your orthopedic problem or the surgery you want to have. Our coordinators will give you the details, including the price and how long you\u2019ll need to stay in Iran for the surgery.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”How long should I stay in hospital after orthopedic surgery?” tab_id=”1695027113238-f4e9dbdf-a0e1″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

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It depends on the type of surgery, your age and overall health, and other factors. In most cases, patients need to stay in the hospital for 2-5 days before being allowed to go home.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”How long does it take to recover from orthopedic surgery?” tab_id=”1695027282520-2fc0e182-4681″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

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Orthopedic surgery recovery varies from individual to individual. Some patients can fully recover from surgery in a few weeks while others may need to wait for months to see the final result of their procedure. It all depends on the type of surgery, your overall health, and the speed of the bone healing process, which is different for different people.<\/p>\n

Also, physiotherapy and home care are very important for a fast recovery after orthopedic surgery. You may be given a course of outpatient physiotherapy by your surgeon, which will accelerate your recovery process.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n

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Yes, arthroscopy surgery is commonly performed in Iran. Iranian orthopedic surgeons carry out knee arthroscopy, shoulder arthroscopy, hip arthroscopy, ankle arthroscopy, elbow arthroscopy, etc. to diagnose and treat orthopedic problems.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n

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Yes, laser spine surgery is widely performed in Iran.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Open-heart surgery involves cutting open and performing surgery on the muscles, valves, or arteries of the heart. You can help minimize some risks through caring for yourself and your incision after surgery.<\/p>\n

According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)Trusted Source, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the most common type of heart surgery done on adults. During this surgery, a healthy artery or vein is grafted (attached) to a blocked coronary artery. This allows the grafted artery to \u201cbypass\u201d the blocked artery and bring fresh blood to the heart.<\/p>\n

Open-heart surgery is sometimes called traditional heart surgery. Today, many new heart procedures can be performed with only small incisions, not wide openings. Therefore, the term \u201copen-heart surgery\u201d can be misleading.<\/p>\n

When is open-heart surgery needed?<\/p>\n

Open-heart surgery may be done to perform a CABG. A coronary artery bypass graft may be necessary for people with coronary heart disease.<\/p>\n

Coronary heart disease occurs when the blood vessels that provide blood and oxygen to the heart muscle become narrow and hard. This is often called \u201chardening of the arteries.\u201d<\/p>\n

Hardening occurs when fatty material forms a plaque on the walls of the coronary arteries. This plaque narrows the arteries, making it difficult for blood to get through. When blood can\u2019t flow properly to the heart, a heart attack may occur.<\/p>\n

Open-heart surgery is also done to:<\/p>\n

repair or replace heart valves, which allow blood to travel through the heart<\/p>\n

repair damaged or abnormal areas of the heart<\/p>\n

implant medical devices that help the heart beat properly<\/p>\n

replace a damaged heart with a donated heart (heart transplantation).<\/p>\n

SUBSCRIBE<\/p>\n

Open-Heart Surgery<\/p>\n

Medically reviewed by Elaine K. Luo, M.D. \u2014 By Natalie Phillips \u2014 Updated on June 12, 2023<\/p>\n

When it\u2019s needed<\/p>\n

Procedure<\/p>\n

Risks<\/p>\n

Preparation<\/p>\n

After surgery<\/p>\n

Recovery<\/p>\n

Outlook<\/p>\n

Open-heart surgery involves cutting open and performing surgery on the muscles, valves, or arteries of the heart. You can help minimize some risks through caring for yourself and your incision after surgery.<\/p>\n

According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)Trusted Source, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the most common type of heart surgery done on adults. During this surgery, a healthy artery or vein is grafted (attached) to a blocked coronary artery. This allows the grafted artery to \u201cbypass\u201d the blocked artery and bring fresh blood to the heart.<\/p>\n

Open-heart surgery is sometimes called traditional heart surgery. Today, many new heart procedures can be performed with only small incisions, not wide openings. Therefore, the term \u201copen-heart surgery\u201d can be misleading.<\/p>\n

When is open-heart surgery needed?<\/p>\n

Open-heart surgery may be done to perform a CABG. A coronary artery bypass graft may be necessary for people with coronary heart disease.<\/p>\n

Coronary heart disease occurs when the blood vessels that provide blood and oxygen to the heart muscle become narrow and hard. This is often called \u201chardening of the arteries.\u201d<\/p>\n

Hardening occurs when fatty material forms a plaque on the walls of the coronary arteries. This plaque narrows the arteries, making it difficult for blood to get through. When blood can\u2019t flow properly to the heart, a heart attack may occur.<\/p>\n

Open-heart surgery is also done to:<\/p>\n

repair or replace heart valves, which allow blood to travel through the heart<\/p>\n

repair damaged or abnormal areas of the heart<\/p>\n

implant medical devices that help the heart beat properly<\/p>\n

replace a damaged heart with a donated heart (heart transplantation)<\/p>\n

How is open-heart surgery performed?<\/p>\n

According to the National Institutes of HealthTrusted Source, a CABG takes from three to six hours. It\u2019s generally done following these basic steps:<\/p>\n

The patient is given general anesthesia. This ensures that they will be asleep and pain free through the whole surgery.<\/p>\n

The surgeon makes an 8- to 10-inch cut in the chest.<\/p>\n

The surgeon cuts through all or part of the patient\u2019s breastbone to expose the heart.<\/p>\n

Once the heart is visible, the patient may be connected to a heart-lung bypass machine. The machine moves blood away from the heart so that the surgeon can operate. Some newer procedures do not use this machine.<\/p>\n

The surgeon uses a healthy vein or artery to make a new path around the blocked artery.<\/p>\n

The surgeon closes the breastbone with wire, leaving the wire inside the body.<\/p>\n

The original cut is stitched up.<\/p>\n

Sometimes sternal plating is done for people at high risk, such as those who\u2019ve had multiple surgeries or people of advanced age. Sternal plating is when the breastbone is rejoined with small titanium plates after the surgery.<\/p>\n

SUBSCRIBE<\/p>\n

Open-Heart Surgery<\/p>\n

Medically reviewed by Elaine K. Luo, M.D. \u2014 By Natalie Phillips \u2014 Updated on June 12, 2023<\/p>\n

When it\u2019s needed<\/p>\n

Procedure<\/p>\n

Risks<\/p>\n

Preparation<\/p>\n

After surgery<\/p>\n

Recovery<\/p>\n

Outlook<\/p>\n

Open-heart surgery involves cutting open and performing surgery on the muscles, valves, or arteries of the heart. You can help minimize some risks through caring for yourself and your incision after surgery.<\/p>\n

According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)Trusted Source, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the most common type of heart surgery done on adults. During this surgery, a healthy artery or vein is grafted (attached) to a blocked coronary artery. This allows the grafted artery to \u201cbypass\u201d the blocked artery and bring fresh blood to the heart.<\/p>\n

Open-heart surgery is sometimes called traditional heart surgery. Today, many new heart procedures can be performed with only small incisions, not wide openings. Therefore, the term \u201copen-heart surgery\u201d can be misleading.<\/p>\n

When is open-heart surgery needed?<\/p>\n

Open-heart surgery may be done to perform a CABG. A coronary artery bypass graft may be necessary for people with coronary heart disease.<\/p>\n

Coronary heart disease occurs when the blood vessels that provide blood and oxygen to the heart muscle become narrow and hard. This is often called \u201chardening of the arteries.\u201d<\/p>\n

Hardening occurs when fatty material forms a plaque on the walls of the coronary arteries. This plaque narrows the arteries, making it difficult for blood to get through. When blood can\u2019t flow properly to the heart, a heart attack may occur.<\/p>\n

Open-heart surgery is also done to:<\/p>\n

repair or replace heart valves, which allow blood to travel through the heart<\/p>\n

repair damaged or abnormal areas of the heart<\/p>\n

implant medical devices that help the heart beat properly<\/p>\n

replace a damaged heart with a donated heart (heart transplantation)<\/p>\n

How is open-heart surgery performed?<\/p>\n

According to the National Institutes of HealthTrusted Source, a CABG takes from three to six hours. It\u2019s generally done following these basic steps:<\/p>\n

The patient is given general anesthesia. This ensures that they will be asleep and pain free through the whole surgery.<\/p>\n

The surgeon makes an 8- to 10-inch cut in the chest.<\/p>\n

The surgeon cuts through all or part of the patient\u2019s breastbone to expose the heart.<\/p>\n

Once the heart is visible, the patient may be connected to a heart-lung bypass machine. The machine moves blood away from the heart so that the surgeon can operate. Some newer procedures do not use this machine.<\/p>\n

The surgeon uses a healthy vein or artery to make a new path around the blocked artery.<\/p>\n

The surgeon closes the breastbone with wire, leaving the wire inside the body.<\/p>\n

The original cut is stitched up.<\/p>\n

Sometimes sternal plating is done for people at high risk, such as those who\u2019ve had multiple surgeries or people of advanced age. Sternal plating is when the breastbone is rejoined with small titanium plates after the surgery.<\/p>\n

What are the risks of open-heart surgery?<\/p>\n

Risks for open-heart surgery include:<\/p>\n

chest wound infection (more common in patients with obesity or diabetes, or those who\u2019ve had a CABG before)<\/p>\n

heart attack or stroke<\/p>\n

irregular heartbeat<\/p>\n

lung or kidney failure<\/p>\n

chest pain and low fever<\/p>\n

memory loss or \u201cfuzziness\u201d<\/p>\n

blood clot<\/p>\n

blood loss<\/p>\n

breathing difficulty<\/p>\n

pneumonia<\/p>\n

According to the Heart and Vascular Center at the University of Chicago Medicine, the heart-lung bypass machine is associated with increased risks. These risks include stroke and neurological problems.<\/p>\n

How to prepare for open-heart surgery<\/p>\n

Tell your doctor about any drugs you are taking, even over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and herbs. Inform them of any illnesses you have, including herpes outbreak, cold, flu, or fever.<\/p>\n

In the two weeks before the surgery, your doctor may ask you to quit smoking and stop taking blood-thinning medications, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or naproxen.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s important to talk to your doctor about your alcohol consumption before you prepare for the surgery. If you typically have three or more drinks a day and stop right before you go into surgery, you may go into alcohol withdrawal. This may cause life-threatening complications after open-heart surgery, including seizures or tremors. Your doctor can help you with alcohol withdrawal to reduce the likelihood of these complications.<\/p>\n

The day before the surgery, you may be asked to wash yourself with a special soap. This soap is used to kill bacteria on your skin and will lessen the chance of an infection after surgery. You may also be asked not to eat or drink anything after midnight.<\/p>\n

Your healthcare provider will give you more detailed instructions when you arrive at the hospital for surgery.<\/p>\n

Angiography is a type of X-ray used to check blood vessels.<\/p>\n

Blood vessels do not show clearly on a normal X-ray, so a special dye called a contrast agent needs to be injected into your blood first.<\/p>\n

This highlights your blood vessels, allowing your doctor to see any problems.<\/p>\n

The X-ray images created during angiography are called angiograms.<\/p>\n

Why angiography is used<\/strong><\/p>\n

Angiography is used to check the health of your blood vessels and how blood flows through them.<\/p>\n

It can help to diagnose or investigate several problems affecting blood vessels, including:<\/p>\n

atherosclerosis \u2013 narrowing of the arteries, which could mean you’re at risk of having a stroke or heart attack<\/p>\n

peripheral arterial disease \u2013 reduced blood supply to the leg muscles<\/p>\n

a brain aneurysm \u2013 a bulge in a blood vessel in your brain<\/p>\n

angina \u2013 chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscles<\/p>\n

blood clots or a pulmonary embolism \u2013 a blockage in the artery supplying your lungs<\/p>\n

a blockage in the blood supply to your kidneys<\/p>\n

Angiography may also be used to help plan treatment for some of these conditions.<\/p>\n

What happens during angiography<\/p>\n

Angiography is done in a hospital X-ray or radiology department.<\/p>\n

For the test:<\/p>\n

you’ll usually be awake, but may be given a medicine called a sedative to help you relax<\/p>\n

you lie on an X-ray table and a small cut (incision) is made over 1 of your arteries, usually near your groin or wrist \u2013 local anaesthetic is used to numb the area where the cut is made<\/p>\n

a very thin flexible tube (catheter) is inserted into the artery<\/p>\n

the catheter is carefully guided to the area that’s being examined (such as the heart)<\/p>\n

a contrast agent (dye) is injected into the catheter<\/p>\n

a series of X-rays are taken as contrast agent flows through your blood vessels<\/p>\n

The test can take between 30 minutes and 2 hours. You’ll usually be able to go home a few hours afterwards.<\/p>\n

Risks of angiography<\/p>\n

Angiography is generally a safe and painless procedure.<\/p>\n

But for a few days or weeks afterwards it’s common to have:<\/p>\n

bruising<\/p>\n

soreness<\/p>\n

a very small lump or collection of blood near where the cut was made<\/p>\n

There’s also a very small risk of more serious complications, such as an allergic reaction to the contrast agent, a stroke or a heart attack.<\/p>\n

Read more about the risks of angiography.<\/p>\n

Types of angiography<\/p>\n

There are several different types of angiography, depending on which part of the body is being looked at.<\/p>\n

Common types include:<\/p>\n

coronary angiography \u2013 to check the heart and nearby blood vessels<\/p>\n

cerebral angiography \u2013 to check the blood vessels in and around the brain<\/p>\n

pulmonary angiography \u2013 to check the blood vessels supplying the lungs<\/p>\n

renal angiography \u2013 to check the blood vessels supplying the kidneys<\/p>\n

Occasionally, angiography may be done using scans instead of X-rays. These are called CT angiography or MRI angiography.<\/p>\n

There’s also a type of angiography that’s used to check the eyes, called fluorescein angiography. It’s different to the other types of angiography and is not covered in this topic.<\/p>\n

After angiography<\/p>\n

After the test, you’ll be taken to a recovery ward where you’ll be asked to lie still for a few hours to prevent bleeding from the cut.<\/p>\n

You’ll usually be able to go home the same day, although sometimes you may need to stay in hospital overnight.<\/p>\n

It may be possible to let you know the results of the test before you go home. However, the X-rays often need to be studied in detail and the results are not available for a few weeks.<\/p>\n

While recovering at home:<\/p>\n

rest for the remainder of the day \u2013 it’s a good idea for someone to stay with you for at least 24 hours in case you have any problems<\/p>\n

eat and drink as soon as you feel ready to \u2013 the contrast agent leaves your body in your pee, so drinking plenty of water can help flush it out faster<\/p>\n

you can usually return to most normal activities the next day, although you may need to avoid heavy lifting and strenuous exercise for a few days<\/p>\n

You’ll probably have some bruising and soreness for at least a few days.<\/p>\n

[0:22 am, 06\/09\/2023] \u0628\u0686\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0698\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc<\/p>\n

[0:23 am, 06\/09\/2023] \u0628\u0686\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646: unhealthy lifestyle can contribute to fat, cholesterol, and calcium buildup in the artery. Once these substances form a plaque, it can block blood flow to the heart or the brain. Consequently, heart condition or stroke may occur. Angiography helps diagnose the issue before it\u2019s too late.<\/p>\n

Arterial Dissection: Injuries or trauma can cause an abnormal tear in the artery and lead to a blood clot. The condition is more common in the carotid and vertebral arteries and can end in a stroke.<\/p>\n

Aneurysm: An outward bulging of the artery might happen as a result of a weakened blood vessel wall. To diagnose the condition, most specialists use CT angiogram.some of the most renowned countries. In fact, Iran is among the top 10 countries in the world in cardiology.<\/p>\n

The cost of angiography in Iran<\/strong><\/p>\n

Screening tests are not usually covered by some insurance companies. As a result, some patients opt for medical tourism to cut down their expenses. While an angiogram can cost about $5000 in the USA, Iranian hospitals offer the same quality service while charging about only a fraction of that price. Contact us to get an updated price quote for angiography in Iran.<\/p>\n

ANGIOPLASTY<\/p>\n

incision in your groin, wrist or arm. This is guided to the affected coronary artery using an X-ray video.<\/p>\n

When the catheter is in place, a thin wire is guided down the length of the affected coronary artery, delivering a small balloon to the affected section of artery. This is then inflated to widen the artery, squashing fatty deposits against the artery wall so blood can flow through it more freely when the deflated balloon is removed.<\/p>\n

If a stent is being used, this will be around the balloon before it’s inserted. The stent will expand when the balloon is inflated and remains in place when the balloon is deflated and removed.<\/p>\n

A coronary angioplasty usually takes between 30 minutes and 2 hours. If you’re being treated for angina, you’ll normally be able to go home later the same day or the day after you have the procedure. You’ll need to avoid heavy lifting, strenuous activities and driving for at least a week.<\/p>\n

If you’ve been admitted to hospital following a heart attack, you may need to stay in hospital for several days after the angioplasty procedure before going home.<\/p>\n

How safe is a coronary angioplasty?<\/p>\n

A coronary angioplasty is 1 of the most common types of treatment for the heart.<\/p>\n

As the procedure doesn’t involve making major incisions in the body, it’s usually carried out safely in most people. Doctors refer to this as a minimally invasive form of treatment.<\/p>\n

The risk of serious complications from a coronary angioplasty is generally small, but this depends on factors such as:<\/p>\n

your age<\/p>\n

your general health<\/p>\n

whether you’ve had a heart attack<\/p>\n

Serious problems that can occur as a result of the procedure include:<\/p>\n

excessive bleeding<\/p>\n

a heart attack<\/p>\n

a stroke.<\/p>\n

Are there any alternatives?<\/p>\n

If many coronary arteries have become blocked and narrowed, or the structure of your arteries is abnormal, a coronary artery bypass graft may be considered.<\/p>\n

This is a type of invasive surgery where sections of healthy blood vessel are taken from other parts of the body and attached to the coronary arteries. Blood is diverted through these vessels, so it bypasses the narrowed or clogged parts of the arteries.<\/p>\n

WHY SHOULD I CHOOSE IRAN FOR MY ANGIOPLASTY SURGERY?<\/p>\n

Traveling overseas for cardiovascular surgery might sound risky especially when the destination is one the media portrays as a dangerous and unstable country. What the media doesn\u2019t tell you is that Iran is actually one of the most reliable countries for medical care and cardiology procedures in particular. Here is why:<\/p>\n

\u00a0Exceptional quality<\/p>\n

Iran is ranked among the top 10 countries in the world for cardiovascular surgeries. Being on top of the list means the country enjoys proficient cardiologists and modern hospitals equipped with the latest devices and facilities. Choosing a country with outstanding performance in terms of medical care ensures effective results, fewer complications, and a fast recovery.<\/p>\n

Distinguished cardiologists<\/p>\n

Iranian surgeons are widely known for their expertise and devotion. In the field of cardiology, Iranian cardiologists have contributed to notable advancements. Having acquired their fellowship from some of the most prominent universities in Iran and around the globe, Iranian surgeons are determined to provide patients with utmost satisfaction.<\/p>\n

Before your trip to Iran, be sure to pack enough clothing suitable for the weather. It is recommended to pack as light as possible for your own convenience.<\/p>\n

You should also pack any medication that is instructed by your cardiologist. During your consultation with our healthcare experts, you can ask about any adjustments that should be made in your current medications. Some doctors advise against taking certain drugs such as diabetes medications before the surgery.<\/p>\n

The doctor might need to see some test results before the surgery. You can either take the tests prior to coming to Iran or have us take care of the necessary measures to set you up with appointments for tests and evaluations.<\/p>\n

You might want to arrange for someone to accompany you during the journey. Upon your arrival in Iran, you will have an on-call interpreter accompanying you and a medical expert supervising each and every step of your journey. Yet, having an acquaintance next to you can bring a sense of comfort.<\/p>\n

Like most surgeries, angioplasty requires you to refrain from eating or drinking for at least 6 to 10 hours before the surgery.<\/p>\n

You should also avoid smoking and drinking alcohol for at least 2 weeks prior to the surgery.<\/p>\n

Heart Bypass Surgery<\/p>\n

Heart bypass surgery, also known as a coronary artery bypass graft, is a procedure to treat coronary heart disease. It is the most common form of heart surgery in adults.<\/p>\n

The medical name for heart bypass surgery is coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The procedure involves removing a blood vessel from the chest, arms, or legs and using it to create a detour or bypass around the blockage in the coronary artery that feeds the heart. This allows blood to reach the heart again.<\/p>\n

Heart bypass surgery is a relatively safe and effective procedure that reduces the risk of heart attack and death. The procedure might also ease symptoms of coronary artery disease, such as chest pain.<\/p>\n

Heart bypass surgery is a complicated procedure that involv\u2026<\/p>\n

WHY CHOOSE IRAN FOR CORONARY BYPASS SURGERY?<\/p>\n

You might decide to undergo heart bypass surgery abroad due to multiple reasons. In most cases, either the healthcare in your hometown is not as excellent as you want it to be; or it is far too expensive and not covered by insurance. Either way, a country with affordable healthcare that is also on par with pioneering nations is an option worth considering. Here is why Iran attracts thousands of cardiology patients from neighboring countries as well as all around the world:<\/p>\n

No waiting lists in Iran<\/p>\n

Most countries have a long waiting list for cardiac surgery. In other words, even a patient in an emergency situation has to wait for months or even years before being able to go under the knife. In Iran, you can book the procedure and have it performed within a week.<\/p>\n

Iranian cardiologists<\/p>\n

Regardless of your geographical location, it is not uncommon to come across proficient cardiac surgeons who are originally from Iran. Iranian doctors possess the devotion it takes to be a skilled specialist in cardiology. They are hardworking with comprehensive knowledge that is gained by years of experience.<\/p>\n

In Iran, cardiologists carry out coronary artery bypass for more than 30 thousand patients annually, including those who are from other countries. In fact, heart bypass surgery is the most frequently performed cardiac surgery in Iran.<\/p>\n

Iranian hospitals<\/p>\n

The country enjoys topnotch hospitals where the most recent equipment is employed. World-class hospitals situated in some of the most prestigious districts of cities like Tehran, Shiraz, and Mashhad offer heart bypass surgery with quality and at a price beyond expectations.<\/p>\n

By choosing Iran for your cardic surgery, you will have the 24-hour support of International Patients Department (IPD) of these hospitals. That is, each and every step of the procedure will be handled professionally to ensure your safety and satisfaction.<\/p>\n

\u00a0bypass surgery cost in Iran<\/p>\n

The highly effective heart procedure comes at a relatively high price across the world. Heart bypass surgery cost with insurance can go up to $7000 in the US. Without insurance, the cost of coronary bypass surgery can exceed $150000. As a result, many cardic patients choose to undergo heart surgery abroad.<\/p>\n

In Iran, coronary bypass surgery cost starts from $7000 without insurance (equaling the amount one have to pay in the US with insurance). Therefore, even with added costs, the figure is far lower than that of countries like the USA where the same quality treatment is offered. Plus, through AriaMedTour, the entire procedure will be pre-planned and the surgical results will be officially guaranteed.<\/p>\n

You can have a free consultation with our experts to learn more about the procedure and how\u00a0 SinoheMedTour can help you before, during, and after the procedure.<\/p>\n

Heart valve surgery is a procedure to treat heart valve disease. Heart valve disease involves at least one of the four heart valves not working properly. Heart valves keep blood flowing in the correct direction through the heart.<\/p>\n

The four heart valves are the mitral valve, tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve and aortic valve. Each valve has flaps \u2014 called leaflets for the mitral and tricuspid valves and cusps for the aortic and pulmonary valves. These flaps should open and close once during each heartbeat. Valves that don’t open or close properly disrupt blood flow through the heart to the body.<\/p>\n

Advertising & Sponsorship<\/p>\n

PolicyOpportunitiesAd Choices<\/p>\n

In heart valve surgery, a surgeon repairs or replaces the damaged or diseased heart valve or valves. Many surgical approaches can be used to repair or replace heart valves, including open-heart surgery or minimally invasive heart surgery.<\/p>\n

The type of heart valve surgery needed depends on various factors, including your age, your health, and the type and severity of heart valve disease.<\/p>\n

Types<\/p>\n

Annuloplasty<\/p>\n

Valvuloplasty<\/p>\n

Why it’s done<\/p>\n

Heart valve surgery is done to treat heart valve disease. There are two basic types of heart valve problems:<\/p>\n

A narrowing of a valve (stenosis)<\/p>\n

A leak in a valve that allows blood to flow backward (regurgitation)<\/p>\n

You might need heart valve surgery if you have heart valve disease that is affecting your heart’s ability to pump blood.<\/p>\n

If you don’t have signs or symptoms, or your condition is mild, your doctor might suggest regular monitoring of the heart valve disease. Lifestyle changes and medications might help manage symptoms.<\/p>\n

Sometimes, doctors recommend heart valve surgery even for those who don’t have symptoms. If you need heart surgery for another condition, doctors might perform heart valve repair or replacement at the same time. Together, you and your doctor should discuss whether heart valve surgery is right for you and if minimally invasive heart surgery is an option.<\/p>\n

Eventually, your valve might need to be repaired or replaced. In some cases, doctors recommend heart valve repair or replacement even if you’re not having symptoms. If you need heart surgery for another condition, doctors might repair or replace the affected heart valve at the same time.<\/p>\n

Your doctor will discuss with you whether heart valve repair or replacement is more appropriate for your condition. Doctors often recommend heart valve repair when possible, as it preserves your heart valve and might preserve heart function. But sometimes valve replacement is necessary and the best option.<\/p>\n

Doctors might also evaluate if you’re a candidate for minimally invasive heart surgery. Your doctor will discuss the benefits and risks of each procedure.<\/p>\n

If you need heart valve surgery, if possible, choose a medical center that has performed many heart valve surgeries.<\/p>\n

Risks<\/p>\n

Possible heart valve surgery risks include:<\/p>\n

Bleeding<\/p>\n

Heart attack<\/p>\n

Infection<\/p>\n

Valve dysfunction affecting replaced valves<\/p>\n

Irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia)<\/p>\n

Stroke<\/p>\n

Death<\/p>\n

How you prepare<\/p>\n

Your doctor and treatment team will discuss your heart valve surgery with you and answer any questions. Before being admitted to the hospital for heart valve surgery, talk to your family about your hospital stay and discuss help you’ll need when you return home.<\/p>\n

Food and medications<\/p>\n

Before you have heart valve surgery, talk to your doctor about:<\/p>\n

When you can take your regular medications and whether you can take them before your surgery<\/p>\n

Allergies or reactions you’ve had to medications<\/p>\n

When you should stop eating or drinking the night before the surgery<\/p>\n

Clothing and personal items<\/p>\n

If you’re having heart valve surgery, your treatment team might recommend that you bring several items to the hospital, including:<\/p>\n

A list of your medications<\/p>\n

Eyeglasses, hearing aids or dentures<\/p>\n

Personal care items, such as a brush, a comb, shaving equipment and a toothbrush<\/p>\n

Loose, comfortable clothing<\/p>\n

A copy of your advance directive<\/p>\n

Items that help you relax, such as portable music players or books<\/p>\n

During heart valve surgery, don’t wear:<\/p>\n

Jewelry<\/p>\n

Eyeglasses<\/p>\n

Contact lenses<\/p>\n

Dentures<\/p>\n

Nail polish<\/p>\n

You may need to have your body hair shaved where the incisions will be made. A special soap might be used to wash your skin to help prevent infection.<\/p>\n

prevent blood clots. Doctors will discuss with you the risks and benefits of each type of valve.<\/p>\n

A minimally invasive catheter procedure might be used to replace certain heart valves. For example, a catheter procedure might be performed to insert a replacement valve into a biological replacement valve in the heart that is no longer working properly.<\/p>\n

After the procedure<\/p>\n

After your heart valve surgery, you’ll generally spend a day or more in the intensive care unit (ICU). You’ll receive fluids and medications through an IV. Other tubes drain urine from the bladder and fluid and blood from the chest. You might be given oxygen through a mask or nasal prongs in your nose.<\/p>\n

After you complete your stay in the ICU, you’ll likely be moved to another hospital room for several days. How long you’ll stay in the hospital depends on your condition and surgery.<\/p>\n

After heart valve surgery, your treatment team will monitor your condition and watch for signs of infection at the incision sites. The team will check your blood pressure, breathing and heart rate. The team will also work with you to manage any pain you have after surgery.<\/p>\n

You’ll likely be asked to walk regularly to gradually increase your activity, and to cough and to do breathing exercises as you recover.<\/p>\n

You’ll be given instructions to follow during your recovery, such as:<\/p>\n

Watching for signs of infection in your incisions<\/p>\n

Taking your medications<\/p>\n

Properly caring for incisions<\/p>\n

Managing pain and other side effects after your surgery<\/p>\n

Results<\/p>\n

After heart valve surgery, your doctor will tell you when you can return to activities.<\/p>\n

You’ll need to attend regular follow-up appointments with your doctor. You might have several tests to evaluate and monitor your condition.<\/p>\n

Your doctor may recommend making healthy lifestyle changes to keep your heart working well. Examples of heart-healthy lifestyle changes are:<\/p>\n

Eating a healthy diet<\/p>\n

Getting regular exercise<\/p>\n

Managing stress<\/p>\n

Avoiding tobacco use.<\/p>\n

Aneurysm Surgery:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Why Iran?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Undergoing aneurysm surgery in Iran will cost less than it does in most countries. Also, the healthcare services in Iran are of premium quality because the efficiency of medical centers and how doctors operate are strictly monitored by relevant authorities. Last but not least, plenty of evidence shows that the success rate of aortic aneurysm surgery in Iran is higher than that in most countries in the world.<\/p>\n

Why SinoheMedTour?<\/strong><\/p>\n

It is, of course, a daunting thought to go through a heart surgery, let alone having it in a foreign country. This is where medical tourism facilitators come into play. SinoheMedTour is the pioneering medical tourism facilitation agency in Iran. By arranging every step of your medical travel, the company will save you from all the hassle it might entail. You will have 24\/7 healthcare support as well as your own coordinator who will plan your trip from A to Z.<\/p>\n

WHAT TO EXPECT FOR AORTIC ANEURYSM SURGERY IN IRAN<\/p>\n

Here are the steps you should take to undergo effective aortic aneurysm surgery in Iran through SinoheMedTour:<\/p>\n

Send your request via the online form or Email. You can also start a free consultation using WhatsApp or online chat. Our team will get back to you and the appropriate coordinator will be assigned to you. Once you get in touch with us, we will help you with planning the trip, booking the necessary appointments, and any consultation you may require. Online healthcare support will be available to you before, during, and after your stay in Iran.<\/p>\n

Once your plane lands in Iran, you will meet with your interpreter. They will help you get to the hotel or go sightseeing in the city. They will also accompany you during your appointment with the doctor and on the day of surgery in the hospital.<\/p>\n

On the day of surgery, your private transfer will pick you up from the hotel. Once you are in the hospital, the International Patients Department (IPD) will receive you. There, you will be catered with exemplary care by English speaking staff. The international department of the hospital will be in constant contact with the care team at SinoheMedTour, informing us of every stage of the treatment.<\/p>\n

The recovery period includes up to a week in the hospital and about two weeks in the hotel. The surgeon will give you a set of instructions you should follow for an effective recovery. AriaMedTour healthcare team will also have a copy of the instructions to ensure you are provided with everything you need during the recovery.<\/p>\n

After the recovery period and with the surgeon\u2019s approval, you can fly back home. Your stay in Iran ends at this point but the healthcare support doesn\u2019t. You will receive regular follow-up consultations from our specialists for a year after the procedure.<\/p>\n

The cost of aortic aneurysm surgery in Iran<\/p>\n

Aortic aneurysm surgery cost in Iran falls somewhere between $3,500 and $7,500. Considering this price includes additional costs such as anesthesia and required hospital stay, it is relatively lower than most countries where the same quality care is offered. In New Zealand, for instance, the total cost of either type of aortic aneurysm surgery is about $30,000 excluding the extra costs.<\/p>\n

Traditional Open Surgery<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aneurysm surgery is a treatment for aortic aneurysms. A surgeon removes the damaged part of your aorta and replaces it with a synthetic fabric tube called a graft. The surgery is very effective when performed before aneurysm rupture. Recovery for most people includes five to 10 days in the hospital and four to six weeks at home.<\/p>\n

What is aneurysm surgery?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aneurysm surgery, also called traditional open surgery, is a treatment for aortic aneurysms. An aortic aneurysm damages your aorta and causes life-threatening complications. The main purpose of open surgery is to prevent an aneurysm rupture or dissection. It can also repair damage after such an event happens.<\/p>\n

A surgeon removes the damaged part of your aorta and replaces it with a synthetic fabric tube. This tube is called a graft. It functions as a new lining for your artery so blood can safely pass through.<\/p>\n

A thoracic or vascular surgeon performs this procedure in a hospital surgical suite. This procedure is considered major surgery. Your surgeon needs to make a large incision in your chest or belly to access the aneurysm. The aneurysm might be located in your chest (thoracic aortic aneurysm) or a bit further down in your belly (abdominal aortic aneurysm).<\/p>\n

Aneurysm surgery is often necessary to prevent serious complications or death. Like any major surgery, it carries risks. But the benefits usually outweigh the risks. Your provider will discuss your options with you and determine if you need surgery.<\/p>\n

rupturing. There\u2019s a lot to consider, including your overall health and medical history. Your provider will tailor treatment to your individual needs.<\/p>\n

For example, if you have Marfan syndrome, a smaller aneurysm will be more dangerous for you. So, you may need treatment sooner than someone who doesn\u2019t have Marfan syndrome.<\/p>\n

You might have other health problems that make open surgery too risky. If so, your provider may recommend endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). This is a less invasive aneurysm repair procedure.<\/p>\n

What happens before aneurysm surgery?<\/p>\n

Preparation for your surgery begins weeks in advance. Your provider will give you a physical exam and run some tests to make sure it\u2019s safe to perform surgery. You\u2019ll talk with your provider about:<\/p>\n

Medicines you\u2019re taking. Your provider needs to know what drugs, supplements and herbs you\u2019re using. Be sure to mention both prescription and over-the-counter medicines. You may need to stop taking some before your surgery. It\u2019s important to closely follow your provider\u2019s guidance on which drugs to take or avoid.<\/p>\n

Medical conditions. You\u2019ll need to manage conditions like high blood pressure before your surgery.<\/p>\n

How you\u2019re feeling. If you have a cold, flu, herpes breakout or any other illness, you need to tell your provider. Being sick could impact how you respond to surgery.<\/p>\n

Smoking. You should not smoke for at least one month leading up to your surgery. Your provider will give you resources to help you quit.<\/p>\n

Your provider will give you specific instructions for how to prepare for the day of your surgery. These may include:<\/p>\n

Not drinking anything after midnight the night before your surgery. That includes water.<\/p>\n

Taking certain drugs the morning of your surgery.<\/p>\n

Finding someone to drive you home when you leave the hospital.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s important to follow all your provider\u2019s instructions. Ask if anything is unclear or you have any questions.<\/p>\n

stomach that drains fluids.<\/p>\n

Blood-thinning medication (anti-coagulants).<\/p>\n

Compression socks that help prevent blood clots in your legs.<\/p>\n

A breathing machine to help support your lungs.<\/p>\n

Pain medication to ease your recovery.<\/p>\n

You\u2019ll slowly begin moving around and regaining your strength. But remember that you just had major surgery. Your body needs time to heal. Closely follow your provider\u2019s instructions, and don\u2019t push yourself too soon. It\u2019s important to give yourself time to rest.<\/p>\n

Be sure to arrange for someone to drive you home from the hospital. You won\u2019t be able to drive until your provider gives you the OK.<\/p>\n

What are the advantages of aneurysm surgery?<\/p>\n

Aneurysm surgery can save your life. It can prevent an aneurysm rupture or dissection. It can also be performed in an emergency to repair damage from an aneurysm rupture or dissection.<\/p>\n

Open surgery is a good option for people who can\u2019t have endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). For example, the stent graft used in EVAR doesn\u2019t always fit the shape of a person\u2019s aorta. So, that person would need open surgery.<\/p>\n

What are the risks and complications of aneurysm surgery?<\/p>\n

Aneurysm surgery can save your life. But it\u2019s important to be aware of possible risks and complications. They include:<\/p>\n

Bleeding.<\/p>\n

Blood clots.<\/p>\n

Breathing problems.<\/p>\n

Damage to intestines or other organs.<\/p>\n

Heart attack or stroke.<\/p>\n

Infection in the graft.<\/p>\n

Infection in your lungs, urinary tract or belly.<\/p>\n

Kidney failure.<\/p>\n

Nerve damage.<\/p>\n

Spinal cord injury.<\/p>\n

Talk with your provider about all possible risks. And ask which ones are more likely based on your own health condition. Risks and complications change based on the individual.<\/p>\n

Surgery is never risk-free. But your care team will do everything possible to make your surgery safe and successful.<\/p>\n

day. You may also want to arrange for someone to bring groceries or other supplies.<\/p>\n

If you don\u2019t have family or friends close by, ask your healthcare provider to recommend a caregiving service. It\u2019s important to accept help from others as you heal. The more help you have now, the quicker you will recover and regain your independence.<\/p>\n

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